Itálica, Seville: The Cradle of Roman Civilization in Hispania.

Italica, located in the municipality of Santiponce, just a few kilometers from Seville, is one of the most emblematic archaeological sites in Spain. Founded in 206 BC during the Second Punic War, this ancient Roman city was the first permanent settlement of Rome in Hispania and became an important political, economic and cultural center. In addition, Italica is recognized as the birthplace of two Roman emperors: Trajan and Hadrian, which reinforces its historical importance. In this article we will explore the history, architecture and legacy of Italica, as well as its relevance today.

Origins of Italica :

The foundation of Italica marked a milestone in the expansion of the Roman Empire. Established by Publius Cornelius Scipio “the African” after his victory over the Carthaginians in the battle of Ilipa, the city was born as a settlement for wounded soldiers and war veterans. Its strategic location, near the Guadalquivir River, favored trade and connection with other regions of the peninsula.

The name “Italica” was chosen to honor the Italic colonists who settled in the region. Over time, the city grew and prospered, especially during the first and second centuries A.D., when it reached its maximum splendor under the emperors Trajan and Hadrian.

Architecture and Urban Planning :

Italica stands out for its impressive urban design, reflecting Roman organization and ingenuity. Its streets were laid out in a grid system, with wide avenues and an advanced sewage system. Below, we will explore some of the main monuments that make Italica an extraordinary place.

The Amphitheater :

The amphitheater of Italica is one of the largest in the Roman Empire, with a capacity of 25,000 spectators. This colossal building was the scene of gladiatorial combats, animal hunts and other spectacles that attracted people from all over the region. Although partially in ruins, its structure still impresses and allows one to imagine the magnitude of the events that were held here.

The Baths :

Thermal baths were an essential component of Roman daily life, and those at Italica are no exception. These facilities included pools of different temperatures, steam rooms and spaces for exercise and relaxation. The remains of the baths provide a glimpse of the luxury and sophistication of this society.

The Roman Houses :

Italica is also known for its elaborate houses, which reflect the wealth and status of its inhabitants. Among the most notable are the House of the Planetarium and the House of Neptune, both adorned with exceptionally well-preserved mosaics depicting mythological scenes and astrological elements.

The Roman Theater :

Although technically located outside the main complex of Italica, the Roman theater of Santiponce is also part of its legacy. This theater, with capacity for thousands of people, is still an important cultural space and hosts events and theatrical performances today.

Legacy of Trajan and Hadrian :

One of the most remarkable aspects of Italica is that it was the birthplace of two of Rome's most prominent emperors. Trajan, born in Italica in 53 AD, was the first emperor of provincial origin and is remembered for his expansionist policies and administrative reforms. Hadrian, Trajan's successor and also born in Italica, adopted a different approach. Instead of expanding the empire, he focused on consolidating and strengthening its borders. Under his reign, Italica received important architectural improvements, including the expansion of the city known as “Nova Urbs”.

Italica Today :

Today, Italica is a world-renowned archaeological site and one of Seville's main tourist attractions. Declared an archaeological site in 1912, it has been the subject of numerous excavations and conservation projects. Its international fame has been boosted by its use as a setting for the “Game of Thrones” series, where it represented the Dragon Moat in the city of King's Landing.

Plan Your Visit :

If you plan to visit Seville, including Italica in your itinerary is a must. The site is open to the public year-round, and its proximity to the city makes it an ideal experience for history and archaeology lovers. In addition, admission is free for citizens of the European Union, which facilitates access to this extraordinary Roman legacy.

Conclusion :

Italica is not just a collection of ruins; it is a living testament to the greatness of the Roman Empire and its influence on the Iberian Peninsula. From its impressive amphitheater to its mosaic-adorned houses, every corner of Italica tells a story of power, culture and sophistication. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture buff or simply a traveler looking for a genuine experience, Italica is a visit not to be missed. Discover this Seville treasure and immerse yourself in the legacy of one of the most fascinating cities of antiquity. Contact us and we will start organizing your experience.

Itálica web link